Frankfort

Frankfort, the capital city of Kentucky, offers a blend of historical significance and natural splendor, set along a distinctive S-curve of the Kentucky River. With a population of around 28,602 as of the 2020 census, it holds the distinction of being the fourth-smallest U.S. state capital by population. The city serves as the seat of Franklin County and is a central point within the Bluegrass region.

The city's landscape is defined by the Kentucky River, which divides it into downtown and South Frankfort, with suburban areas known as East and West Frankfort extending on either side of the river valley. Frankfort's identity is deeply intertwined with Kentucky's heritage, from its role in the bourbon industry to its enduring landmarks and local culture.

Frankfort's origins trace back to a ford across the Kentucky River, a crossing point along ancient buffalo trails that later became vital for colonial American highways. English explorers first ventured into the area in the 1750s. The city's name is a shortened version of "Frank's Ford," commemorating pioneer Stephen Frank, who was killed in a skirmish with Native Americans in 1780.

In 1786, the Virginia legislature officially designated 100 acres as the town of Frankfort. When Kentucky achieved statehood in 1792, Frankfort was chosen as its capital, a decision influenced by an offer from Andrew Holmes, who provided his log house as a temporary capitol, along with land, money, and building materials. This choice was a compromise between the larger competing cities of Louisville and Lexington.

Frankfort's early history saw its capitol building burn down twice, leading to attempts by Louisville and Lexington to claim the seat of government. However, Frankfort's central location ultimately secured its position as the capital. During the American Civil War, Confederate General Braxton Bragg briefly occupied the city in 1862, making it the only Union state capital captured during the war. The city also endured a devastating flood in 1937.

The current Kentucky State Capitol building, a Beaux-Arts architectural marvel, was completed in 1909 and dedicated in 1910, replacing the earlier 1830 capitol which had become too small for the expanding state government. Today, Frankfort serves as a trading center for the Bluegrass region, with industries including automotive parts, bourbon whiskey, and electronics. Kentucky State University, established in 1886 as the State Normal School for Colored Persons, is also located here.

Begin your exploration at the Kentucky State Capitol, a grand Beaux-Arts structure completed in 1910, featuring a dome that rises 212 feet high. On its expansive grounds, you'll find the Floral Clock, a popular attraction, and the Executive Mansion. Nearby, the Old State Capitol, built between 1827 and 1830, now functions as a museum for the Kentucky Historical Society and is notable for its self-supporting circular stone staircase.

For a deeper dive into the state's past, visit the Thomas D. Clark Center for Kentucky History, offering interactive exhibits. The Frankfort Cemetery is the final resting place of pioneer Daniel Boone and his wife Rebecca, along with 17 Kentucky governors and veterans from various wars. The Kentucky Vietnam Veterans Memorial is a poignant sundial that casts a shadow on each veteran's name on the anniversary of their death.

No visit to Frankfort is complete without acknowledging its bourbon heritage. Buffalo Trace Distillery, operating since 1787, is one of the nation's longest continuously running distilleries. For outdoor enthusiasts, Cove Spring Park offers 240 acres of preserved natural area with hiking trails, waterfalls, and historical remnants of a 19th-century water pumping station.

Frankfort experiences four distinct seasons, with cool winters and hot, humid summers. The most comfortable times for a visit are late April through May and again in September and October. During these periods, temperatures are pleasant, humidity is lower, and the weather is ideal for outdoor activities and exploration. Spring offers the added bonus of racing season at nearby Keeneland, while fall brings colorful foliage and bourbon festivals. Summers can be warm with occasional refreshing rains, and winters are generally mild with some snowfall.

Frankfort is located approximately 50 miles east of Louisville and 26 miles northwest of Lexington. While downtown Frankfort is walkable, public transit is available. Frankfort Transit operates three weekday bus routes and two Saturday routes, with fares costing $0.25 per trip. A seasonal trolley also runs from April to October, offering free narrated scenic tours of downtown, including popular sites like Buffalo Trace Distillery and the Old Capitol. For those arriving by air, Capital City Airport serves smaller planes, while commercial flights typically use Blue Grass Airport in Lexington. Free parking is available at most attractions. The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet is responsible for the state's road infrastructure and driver services.