Nové Město nad Metují

Nové Město nad Metují, often called the “Czech Bethlehem,” is a captivating town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It sits upon a high, rocky promontory, embraced on three sides by the Metuje River, offering a unique landscape. The town's name, literally meaning 'New Town upon Metuje,' speaks to its founding in 1501 by Jan Černčický of Kácov.

The historic town center, a protected urban monument reservation since 1970, is a showcase of Renaissance architecture. Its rectangular square features uniform Renaissance houses with arcades and distinctive gables. Dominating this scene is the Nové Město nad Metují Castle, an unmistakable landmark that anchors the town's enduring heritage.

Beyond its architectural beauty, Nové Město nad Metují is a place where history intertwines with natural splendor. The town serves as a gateway to the Orlické Mountains foothills and is a starting point for exploring the surrounding countryside, including the nearby Peklo nature reserve.

## From Founding to Renaissance Rebirth Nové Město nad Metují was founded in 1501 by Jan Černčický of Kácov, who transferred all municipal rights from the neighboring village of Krčín to this new settlement. The town was strategically built on a rocky outcrop, providing a natural defense above the Metuje River.

Just 25 years after its founding, a devastating fire swept through the town in 1526. This event, however, paved the way for a significant architectural transformation. Under the ownership of Vojtěch of Pernštejn, most of the houses on the main square were reconstructed between 1526 and 1548 according to a unified plan, resulting in the distinctive Renaissance and late Gothic design visible today. The connected gables, often referred to as 'swallow tails,' gave the town a unique appearance reminiscent of the northern Italian Renaissance.

## Shifting Hands and Enduring Legacy Over the centuries, Nové Město nad Metují saw a succession of owners. Albrecht von Wallenstein acquired the town in 1623, followed by the Trčkas of Lípa, and then Walter Leslie in 1634. The Leslie family held the estate until 1802, after which it was inherited by the Dietrichstein family, who owned it until 1858. Following the administrative reforms of the Austrian Empire in 1848, Nové Město nad Metují gained independence from noble rule.

## Modern Developments and Preservation In the 19th century, textile manufacturing emerged as a significant industry in the town. The mid-20th century saw the establishment of factories for construction machinery and watch production. The historic town center was designated an urban monument reservation in 1970, leading to careful and sensitive restoration efforts. A notable reconstruction of the northwestern side of the square took place in 1953–1954 under architect M. Vincík. Since 1990, the town has undergone extensive renewal, with its industry also evolving.

The main draw is the Nové Město nad Metují Castle, a prominent feature of the town's heritage. Visitors can explore its authentic Art Nouveau, Cubist, and Art Deco interiors, and even venture into unique spaces like the attics and cellars. The castle garden is notable for its Baroque sculptures by Matthias Bernard Braun, often described as 'stone dwarfs,' which are actually caricatures of historical figures. Adjacent to the main square, the castle also houses a bar with a summer terrace offering views of the Metuje River.

Husovo Náměstí, the main square, is a testament to Renaissance urban planning, with its arcaded houses and distinctive 'swallow tail' gables. The Church of the Holy Trinity, dating back to 1519, stands beside the square and features an interesting Baroque interior. Do not miss the Zázvorka Tower, a preserved defensive tower that now functions as a gallery. The City Museum, housed in a 16th-century artillery bastion, offers insights into local history, including a Baroque pharmacy and a clockmaking exhibition.

For those seeking natural beauty, the Peklo nature reserve is a well-known excursion destination nearby. Here, you can find the Jurkovičova Chata Peklo, a stylish restaurant housed in a former mill redesigned by architect Dušan Jurkovič. The Juránkova vyhlídka (Juránek's viewpoint) near the Výrov castle ruins provides panoramic views of the historic town center.

Nové Město nad Metují experiences a temperate climate. July is typically the warmest month, with average temperatures around 24°C (75°F). January is the coldest, averaging 2°C (36°F). The town receives about 803 mm (32 inches) of rain annually.

The best time to visit is generally during the warmer months, from late spring to early autumn, to fully enjoy outdoor activities and the castle gardens. However, cultural events and exhibitions are held throughout the year.

Nové Město nad Metují is located in the Hradec Králové Region, approximately 7 kilometers (4 miles) south of Náchod. The official language is Czech, and the currency is the Czech Koruna (CZK).

For accommodation, options range from hotels like Hotel Rajská zahrada to guesthouses such as Penzion Šatlava, with some offering family-friendly amenities. Dining choices include traditional Czech cuisine, European, and international options, with several restaurants and cafes available, including those on the main square.

The town's information center on Husovo náměstí 1225 is wheelchair accessible, with a ramp available upon request. Public accessible toilets are located in the town center and near the "Na Farské" parking lot. Designated free parking for disabled visitors is available on Husovo náměstí.